Efficiency of finding variable stars

Patrick Wils
June 12, 2002

In the mailing list, emphasis has been put on finding new variables from TASS data. I have been looking at DS23 the other way, i.e. how many of the known variables show up as variables (WS > 1) in the data ?

There may be a number of obvious reasons why a designated variable appears to be a non-variable in the data: the position of the variable is not accurate enough (resulting in misidentification), it may be too faint, the amplitude may be too small, or it may not be varying at the time of the observations (EA's outside of eclipse, slowly varying stars like Mira's which were not observed long enough, etc.), or the variable turns out not be a variable at all ! Taken these reasons into account, one may then get some idea of the efficiency of the observation and reduction procedure (a topic for the engineering paper?).

I have tried to match GCVS stars (December 2001 version from the GCVS website) with the results from wsv3.pl on DS23. Stars separated by not more than 1' and not too faint were declared a match. Positions for some stars in the GCVS are in error by 3' and more (although not as many as used to be), so not all stars from DS23 which are designated variables will appear (I think e.g. XY Tau may be one of those). Also, it means that there may be misidentifications.

The lists below give the star number from the collected.big file, average V and I magnitude, WS-statistic, the distance to the designated star in arc seconds, and the designated star with type, magnitude and period details (when available). Here is the list:

32894  9.60V  9.45I 879.74  7  RW Mon   EA/SD   9.26-11.51V    1.90609412
36488 10.53V  9.33I 277.57 14  BE Mon   DCEP   10.19-10.88V    2.705510
55692 11.31V 10.88I 174.29  2  AG CMi   EA/SD  10.9-11.9P      1.6645438
50325  9.37V  8.72I 127.53 13  UY Mon   DCEPS   9.22-9.62V     2.39813
68187 12.33V 10.00I  29.60  3  ST CMi   SRB    13.2-14.4P    190.:
32115 12.29V 11.09I  18.45 31  WW Mon   DCEP   11.97-12.92V    4.66231
33718 13.07V 10.08I   5.85  7  V624 Mon LB     12.6-13.3V
33822 10.76V  9.73I   5.60 34  NS Mon   EW/DW  10.6-11.1P      0.9399163
47151 12.15V  9.65I   3.86 55  IT Mon   LB     13.5-14.8P
31133 10.85V  9.65I   3.29 25  CS Mon   CEP    10.71-11.30V    6.7317
79409 12.02V 11.51I   1.80  1  AL CMi   RRAB   12.-13.P        0.55050
42124 11.81V 11.04I   1.55 55  BF Mon   M      13.5-<15.5P   283.
29407 12.30V  9.45I   1.29 11  V622 Mon LB     14.8-15.5B
35795  9.68V  9.33I   1.00 11  V588 Mon DSCTC   9.66-9.72V     0.11
25586 12.36V 12.05I   0.98 47  V538 Mon EA:    14.-15.5P
36069 10.28V  9.76I   0.95 23  V589 Mon DSCTC  10.27-(0.05)V   0.124
45778 12.12V 11.70I   0.83 14  FV Mon   EA/SD  11.5-13.9P      7.51880
24713 12.17V 11.97I   0.62 48  GM Mon   RRAB   13.5-14.5P
26801 11.58V 10.47I   0.60 46  DP Mon   S:     13.8-15.0P
33810 10.61V 10.12I   0.46  6  NS Mon   EW/DW  10.6-11.1P      0.9399163
66071 12.27V 12.04I   0.45  5  RY CMi   EA/SD  11.9-14.9P      3.265211
30347 12.82V 12.19I   0.33 14  VX Mon   EA/SD  12.8-14.3P      1.62967
57177 10.63V 10.06I   0.25  0  BX CMi   EA     10.81-11.48V
40170 11.55V 11.16I   0.17 30  IS Mon   EA/SD  11.5-13.5P      4.04761
58058 11.23V 10.61I   0.11  1  WX CMi   M      11.0-15.8P    420.1
50762  9.93V  9.73I  -1.41 14  V680 Mon RR      9.6-10.1P
31395 12.72V  9.39I  -2.97  4  V587 Mon SRB    11.9-13.4:V   400.:

Most stars with WS < 1 are EA's. FV and IS Mon were not in eclipse at the time of observation, according to the GCVS ephemeris. RY CMi should have been in mid-eclipse at JD 2452264.77, at the moment observations started (no eclipse on the other 5 nights - perhaps check a more recent ephemeris ?). For VX Mon mid-eclipse occured at JD 2452287.68, again just before observations started (no eclipse on the other night). For V538 Mon and BX CMi, a period is not known. V589 Mon is a low amplitude delta Scuti, and so variability detection is near its limit. However, the data themselves clearly show the variability and the timescale fits the GCVS period (there are only two nights of observations, not enough to determine a period). WX CMi is a Mira which should have been near its minimum according to AAVSO predictions, so there may be a misidentification despite the very small "error" in position (I should probably check the AAVSO chart). DP, GM and V538 Mon are on the faint site, and the positions do not match very well (this should be checked further with identification charts, if they exist). Also, there are two possible candidates for NS Mon, probably the star 33822 is the right one (the one with the highest WS value, and not 33810, the one with the smallest distance to the GCVS position).

All in all, apart from obvious reasons and some things which still have to be checked, (e.g. I haven't checked on the negative WS stars), the criterion WS > 1 is very efficient indeed !